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Authors
Piao, Xiangdan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3067-0991
Managi, Shunsuke
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP20H00648)
Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency (JPMEERF20201001)
Takahashi Industrial and Economic Research Foundation (J220000023)
Iwate University
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Article History
Received: 23 August 2022
Accepted: 22 May 2025
First Online: 15 July 2025
Declarations
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: For the original cross-sectional internet survey conducted by a third-party company (Nikkei Research Company) between 2015 to 2017, the study design was approved by the appropriate legal and ethics review board of Kyushu University. The data were collected with informed consent from participants, according to legal and ethical guidelines. All the methods proceeded in accordance with ethical guidelines and were approved by the ethical committee of Kyushu University.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: Not applicable.
