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Pongsophon, Pongprapan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0213-2835
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Article History
Received: 19 June 2024
Accepted: 13 November 2025
First Online: 28 November 2025
Declarations
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: The author declares that he has no competing interests, financial or otherwise, that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this manuscript.
: This study involved secondary data analysis, with data retrieved from the PIRL 2022 Data repository, which is open to the public for further research. Given the nature of this study as a secondary analysis of publicly available data, specific ethics approval and participant consent were not required.
: I hereby give full consent for the publication of this research in your esteemed journal. I affirm that the content of the manuscript is suitable for publication and adheres to the journal’s guidelines and policies.
