Document is current

Article History

Received: 30 March 2022

Accepted: 12 July 2022

First Online: 27 August 2022

Declarations

:

: The authors declared no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article. First co-author Minjee Choe is entitled to claim this study as the first author in her curriculum vitae.

: Samplings in Mongolia were conducted under a research permit J22962. The study and general sampling followed the ethical requirements and regulations of Experimental Animal Welfare and Ethics Committee of Nanjing Forestry University under IACUC approval (permit number 2022011). To ensure non-invasive genetic sampling, all individuals found alive were orally swabbed (Dryswab™ ENT, Medical Wire, Wiltshire, UK) and they were released at the point of capture based on the methodological standard of Broquet et al. (). Release call samples were recorded without the harm on the animals and treated with humane care based on the methodological guidelines provided by Animal Behaviour Society (Animal Behaviour Society ) and Chuang et al. (). In-situ experiments and data processing such as bioinformatics and bio statistical analyses were partially conducted in Ewha Womans University, Republic of Korea, and they did not require an IACUC permit, in accord to the rules of EWHA Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC).