Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52474279)
Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Fire Science (HZ2025-KF04)
Article History
Received: 18 February 2025
Revised: 16 January 2026
Accepted: 27 February 2026
First Online: 31 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests.