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Ingestion and the toxicological effects of virgin polyethylene (PE) and polyvinylchloride (PVC) microplastics in commercial freshwater fish, tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-025-01596-7

Published Online: 2025-10-22

Published Print: 2025-12

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Kolandhasamy, Prabhu

Singha, Saheli

Bhattacharya, Sourav

Anbukkarasu, Suguna

Sigamani, Sivaraj

Rajendran, Rajaram
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Grants Commission (No.F.4-2/2006 (BSR)/OT/20-21/0010 (89th) dt.14.09.2021))
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Article History

Received: 27 May 2025

Accepted: 3 October 2025

First Online: 22 October 2025

Declarations

:

: We have obtained institutional ethical clearance to conduct a fish exposure experiment in the Department of Marine Science. The ethical clearance number is BDU/IAEC/P19/2024, dated March 23, 2024.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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