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Authors
Waheed, Shariq https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1531-6123
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (PKSS-2023-416)
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Article History
Received: 7 February 2025
Accepted: 26 August 2025
First Online: 15 September 2025
Declarations
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: The author has no conflict of interest to disclose.
: This study received ethical approval from the Internal Institutional Review Board of the Department of Gender Studies, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan (reference: DGS/E-742) for data collection. Analysis and manuscript preparation were conducted at the University of Leeds, where no additional approval was required.
: The study adhered to strict ethical guidelines, ensuring informed consent was obtained from all respondents. Confidentiality was maintained throughout, with culturally sensitive engagement practices employed. Efforts were made to reduce power imbalances, ensuring participants felt safe and comfortable when sharing sensitive information.
