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Authors
Liang, Chaoran
Zhou, Zhiyan
Luan, Mengyin
Li, Yatong
Zong, Jingjing
Wang, Qiang
Wang, Xiaoying
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shandong Natural Science Foundation of China (ZR2023QH447)
Shandong Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. ZR2019MH014)
2021 Jinan Municipal Health Commission Science and Technology Plan Project (No. 2021-1-42)
2022 Dean’s Research Assistance Fund Project (No. 2022-02)
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Article History
Received: 21 January 2026
Accepted: 8 April 2026
First Online: 16 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All animal experimental procedures were conducted in accordance with the Guidelines laid down by the National Institutes of Health (NIH, USA) for the care and use of laboratory animals. Adequate measures were taken to minimize animal pain or discomfort throughout all experimental procedures. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University (No. 20230711), Shandong, China.
