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Syntaxin-4, a key exocytosis mediating protein, shows heterogeneous expression in insulin-positive cells of human donors with new-onset and longer duration of type 1 diabetes: comparison with non-diabetic autoantibody-positive and -negative donors

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10735-026-10901-4

Published Online: 2026-07-30

Published Print: 2026-08

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Potman, Joshua

Sun, Kevin Xueying

Pala, Kaaj

Krogvold, Lars

Dahl-Jørgensen, Knut

Reddy, Shiva
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

University of Auckland
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-07-30

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Article History

Received: 11 February 2026

Accepted: 5 July 2026

First Online: 30 July 2026

Declarations

Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval: Ethical approval for conducting this study was granted by the New Zealand Ministry of Health and Disability Ethics Committee (Ethics reference: 2023 PR 2121). Approval for biopsy procurement from new-onset type 1 diabetes donors was granted by the Norwegian Government’s Regional Ethics Committee following informed consent. Ethical approval for the analysis of pancreatic sections from deceased nPOD donors was granted to nPOD. Therefore, all procedures performed involving human tissue donors were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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