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Article History

Accepted: 10 May 2022

First Online: 18 May 2022

Declarations

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: Takahiro Okumura received research grants from Ono Pharmaceutical, Bayer Pharmaceutical, Daiichi-Sankyo Pharma, and Amgen Astellas BioPharma, as well as honoraria from Ono Pharmaceutical, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Novartis Pharma, and Medtronic Japan. Toyoaki Murohara received lecture fees from Bayer Pharmaceutical, Daiichi-Sankyo, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Kowa, MSD, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis Pharma, Pfizer Japan, Sanofi-Aventis, and Takeda Pharmaceutical. Toyoaki Murohara also received an unrestricted research grant from the Department of Cardiology of Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, as well as honoraria from Astellas Pharma, Daiichi-Sankyo, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Kowa, MSD, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis Pharma, Otsuka Pharma, Pfizer Japan, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda Pharmaceutical, and Teijin Pharma. All other authors declare that they have no relationships with industry relevant to the contents of this paper.