Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Crowley, Christopher
Stuck, Amy R.
Zifferblatt, Jon
Harner, Bradley
Perloff, Jennifer
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 18 June 2025
Revised: 11 April 2026
Accepted: 26 April 2026
First Online: 22 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Western IRB Copernicus Group (WCG) served as the Institutional Review Board (IRB) for this research. The WCG IRB waived informed consent for participation and determined that our investigation was exempt under 45 CFR ยงย 46.104(d)(4) of the US Code of Federal Regulations because the identity of the human subjects could not be ascertained or re-identified.
: NA due to exempt status.
