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Article History

Received: 17 October 2025

Accepted: 26 May 2026

First Online: 3 June 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study involved human participants via an online survey, with participation entirely voluntary and informed consent obtained before proceeding. Participants had the right to withdraw at any time, and all responses were anonymous to ensure privacy and confidentiality. This research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Mazandaran (Approval No. IR.UMZ.REC.1404.024).

: Not applicable.