Schonberg, Christina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0185-0379
Hargis Becker, Mary https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0725-9042
An, Xiaozhu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2118-7794
Bashkov, Bozhidar M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8892-1338
Article History
Received: 11 July 2025
Revised: 7 October 2025
Accepted: 12 October 2025
First Online: 14 November 2025
Declarations
:
: All authors are full time employees of IXL Learning, the organization that developed the software platform (IXL) that is the focus of this study.