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Authors
Çalik, Muammer https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8323-8783
Bağ, Hasan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6392-6834
Ültay, Neslihan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-0486
Ayas, Alipaşa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4898-2918
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Trabzon University
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Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Accepted: 17 April 2026
First Online: 5 May 2026
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in this study followed the ethical standards of the Department of Health Standards on Human Research (DOH/QD/SD/HSR/0.9) and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Since Muammer Çalık serves as the Senior Editor of this journal, Prof. Dr. David Treagust handled this manuscript to mitigate this conflict of interest, and was responsible for all decision making.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare they have no conflict of interest.
