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Immune response and cytokine profiles in post-laminectomy pain syndrome: comparative analysis after treatment with intrathecal opioids, oral opioids, and non-opioid therapies

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-024-01521-z

Published Online: 2024-07-22

Published Print: 2024-10

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Rosa, Christiane Pellegrino

de Andrade, Daniel Ciampi

Barreto, Eduardo Silva Reis https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4688-8857
Antunes Júnior, César Romero

Alencar, Vinicius Borges

Lins-Kusterer, Liliane Elze Falcão

Kraychete, Durval Campos

Teixeira, Manoel Jacobsen
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Article History

Received: 19 June 2024

Accepted: 26 June 2024

First Online: 22 July 2024

Declarations

:

: The authors declared that there are no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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