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Article History

Received: 11 July 2025

Accepted: 13 November 2025

First Online: 20 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Lyuliang University (Ethics Committee of Lyuliang University, Shanxi, China). All experimental protocols were conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, including the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants’ legal guardians prior to enrollment. Children provided assent through a visual choice board.

: All legal guardians provided written consent for publication of anonymized data and non-identifiable images in an online open-access publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.