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Article History

Received: 14 June 2025

Accepted: 25 July 2025

First Online: 12 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The protocol of this retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Review Board of the Ophthalmic Research Center, affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. The approval (1404-1-21/P) waived the requirement for informed consent for this retrospective study which followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Patient data were anonymized and identifiable information was removed before access by the first author (K.B.).

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: After completing the writing and editing of the manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT exclusively for the final revision and minor adjustments. Following the use of this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the published article.