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Authors
Kim, Hyo Won
Lee, Jiyoung Emily
Kim, Inkee
Kim, Hyun Seung
Kim, Eun Chul
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Foundation of Korea (73949933)
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Article History
Received: 26 August 2025
Accepted: 12 October 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
: The Institutional Review Board (IRB)/Ethics Committee of Bucheon St. Mary Hospital waived the requirement for written informed consent for participation due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data.
: Not applicable—This manuscript does not contain any indivisual person’s data in any form.
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board (IRB)/Ethics Committee of Bucheon St. Mary Hospital (HC21RISI0066).
