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Article History

Accepted: 6 December 2024

First Online: 13 January 2025

Declarations

:

: Participation in the study was voluntary and based on the informed consent of participants. The data collection and processing was carried out in accordance with GDPR.

: All authors whose names appear on the submission1. made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; or the creation of new software used in the work;2. drafted the work or revised it critically for important intellectual content;3. approved the version to be published; and4. agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions relatedto the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

: The study was conducted in collaboration with an industrial partner who provided, for example, the VR training environment and provided feedback on the practical applicability of the research. One author is an employee of this organization. However, the researchers received no funding to conduct this study. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.