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Authors
Hamaoui, Jad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2935-813X
Acland, Erinn https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1550-9980
Vitaro, Frank https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3897-2916
Fallu, Jean-Sébastien https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2300-1335
Parent, Sophie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1259-3539
Simard, Cléa
Boivin, Michel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8621-9844
Côté, Sylvana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7944-0647
Geoffroy, Marie-Claude https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8587-8378
Séguin, Jean R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3359-6202
Castellanos-Ryan, Natalie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7077-1340
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (RL2-183254)
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (PJT-165824)
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MRC-167967)
Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction (CU3-163012)
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Article History
Received: 10 September 2025
Accepted: 2 December 2025
First Online: 3 January 2026
Declarations
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: The QLSCD protocol was approved by the Institut de la statistique du Québec and the St-Justine Hospital Research Centre ethics committees in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and informed assent and consent was acquired at each data collection.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians. All identifying details have been removed to maintain confidentiality.
: None to declare.
