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Authors
Perry, Kristin J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7138-019X
Schuetze, Pamela
Eiden, Rina D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5303-3661
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA019632)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (T32DA017629)
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Article History
Received: 23 July 2025
Accepted: 24 November 2025
First Online: 6 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the University at Buffalo Institutional Review Board. Informed consent was obtained from participants at the first prenatal appointment, with the 33 Facebook recruits providing consent at the early school age appointment.
: The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.
