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Authors
Qazi, Tariq Siraj
Xu, Chuanzhi
Tian, Xin
Xiang, Yi
Liu, Xinyi
Wang, Xiang
Wang, Bang
Lu, Jin
Xiao, Yuanyuan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2441-7209
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82360670)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72264019)
the Basic Research Program of Yunnan (202401AY070001-001)
the First-Class Discipline Team of Kunming Medical University (2024XKTDTS16)
the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Yunnan Education Bureau (the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Yunnan Education Bureau)
Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project-Clinical Medical Research Center Special Program (202505AJ310039)
The Innovation Fund Projects in Degree and Postgraduate Education at Kunming Medical University (2025S169)
Song Weihong Workstation in Yunnan Province (202305AF150180)
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Article History
Received: 9 November 2025
Accepted: 28 February 2026
First Online: 17 March 2026
Declarations
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: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. All procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kunming Medical University (KMMU2020MEC047). Written parental/guardian consent were obtained.
: Informed consent was obtained both from legal guardians and adolescents.
: Not applicable.
: The author(s) declare no financial or non-financial interest to disclose, nor other conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
