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First Online: 7 December 2019

Compliance with Ethical Standards

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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

: In each country, procedures have been performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. In Denmark, data approval for this project was established through iPSYCH (iPSYCH: Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research) which was approved by the <i>Danish Scientific Ethics Committee</i>, the Danish <i>Health Data Authority</i>, and the <i>Danish Data Protection Agency</i>. In Finland, the register keepers (THL Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare and KELA National Social Insurance Institution) gave the permission to use their administrative register data in this study after consulting the <i>data protection authority</i>. The study received a positive statement from the <i>Ethical Review Board Committee</i> of the Hospital District of Northern Ostrobothnia. In France, both registers have obtained approval by the <i>French national ethical committees</i> (<i>Commission Nationale de l’Informatique et des Libertés, CNIL</i>) for the collection and processing of nominal data. In Iceland, the <i>National Bioethics Committee</i> (<i>VSNb2015110005/03.1</i>) and the <i>Data Protection Authority</i> approved the study.

: In Denmark, Finland and Iceland, since the study was based exclusively on register data and did not require contact with the registered persons, according to Danish, Finnish and Icelandic laws, no written informed consent was required. In France, according to the French regulation, registries require parental consent to access diagnostic records and informed consent was obtained from parents of all individual participants included in the study.