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Authors
Li, Wenqing
Bao, Chenxi
Ye, Yupei
Liu, Qingxiang
Chu, Kangkang
Wang, Ya
Ruan, Xiaoyan
Lü, Huimin
Liu, Xi
Ke, Xiaoyan https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9492-3192
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Project of Nanjing Rehabilitation Medical Center in JiangSu Province, China (Project of Nanjing Rehabilitation Medical Center in JiangSu Province, China (2020))
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Article History
Accepted: 12 February 2025
First Online: 27 March 2025
Declarations
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: This study is a retrospective review of medical records from the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department of the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. As a secondary data analysis using fully anonymized patient records, this study did not require formal ethics committee approval, in accordance with the institutional policy of Nanjing Medical University. All data used in this study were de-identified prior to analysis, ensuring the confidentiality and privacy of the participants.
: Patient consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of this study, which involved the analysis of de-identified medical records collected during routine clinical care. No identifiable personal information was used, and the study was conducted in accordance with institutional ethical guidelines.
: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
