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Authors
Cao, Yunlei
Zhang, Wenjing
Shen, Yupei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-6626
Huang, Xianliang
Zhang, Zhaofeng
Hong, Ling
Zhu, Weiqiang
Zhang, Jian
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82771655)
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Article History
Received: 26 May 2025
Accepted: 23 October 2025
First Online: 13 November 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the medical ethical committee, shanghai institute of planned parenthood research.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
