Yamada, Shinya https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5726-3926
Kaneshiro, Takashi
Nodera, Minoru
Amami, Kazuaki
Murota, Sadahiro
Oikawa, Masayoshi
Ishida, Takafumi
Takeishi, Yasuchika
Article History
Received: 23 June 2025
Accepted: 1 October 2025
First Online: 13 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of Fukushima Medical University (approval number: 2020 − 311).
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: S.Y. and T.I. belong to the Department of Arrhythmia and Cardiac Pacing, which is supported by Abbott Medical Japan LLC, Biotronik Japan, Inc, and Japan Lifeline Co., Ltd. These companies are not associated with the contents of this study. The other authors report no conflicts of interest.