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Authors
Di Biase, Luigi
Gidney, Brett
Krishnan, Kousik
Khan, Arfaat
Zagrodzky, Jason
Ahmed, Imdad
Weisman, David
Munjal, Jitender
Dukes, Jonathan
Costea, Alexandru
Zhang, Xiao-Dong
Athill, Charles
Justice, Linda
Varley, Allyson
Bezenek, Susan M.
Osorio, Jose
Zei, Paul
Porterfield, Christopher
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Article History
Received: 15 October 2025
Accepted: 31 December 2025
First Online: 23 January 2026
Declarations
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: Dr. Di Biase reports consulting for Biosense Webster/Johnson & Johnson MedTech, Medtronic, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Abbott, Sterotaxis, Siemens, Haemonetics, Zoll, and iRhythm. Dr. Zei reports research support and consulting from Biosense Webster/Johnson & Johnson MedTech, and HRCRS/3PH Alliance. Dr. J. Dukes reports consulting and research support from Johnsons & Johnson MedTech, Boston Scientific, and Medtronic. Dr. Zagrodzky reports funding from Johnon & Johnson MedTech. Dr. Osorio reports research and consulting with Johnson & Johnson MedTech. Dr Xiao-Dong Zhang reports consulting for Biosense Webster/Johnsons & Johnson MedTech. All other coauthors report no relevant conflicts of interest. This initiative was funded by Johnsons & Johnson MedTech ® in collaboration with 3PH Alliance. Permission to publish figures was provided in advance by the manufacturer.
: Statements and Disclosures: Dr. Di Biase reports consulting for Biosense Webster/Johnson & Johnson MedTech, Medtronic, Biotronik, Boston Scientific, Abbott, Sterotaxis, Siemens, Haemonetics, Zoll, and iRhythm. Dr. Zei reports research support and consulting from Biosense Webster/Johnson & Johnson MedTech, and HRCRS/3PH Alliance. Dr. J. Dukes reports consulting and research support from Johnsons & Johnson MedTech, Boston Scientific, and Medtronic. Dr. Zagrodzky reports funding from Johnon & Johnson MedTech. Dr. Osorio reports research and consulting with Johnson & Johnson MedTech. Dr Xiao-Dong Zhang reports consulting for Biosense Webster/Johnsons & Johnson MedTech. All other coauthors report no relevant conflicts of interest. This initiative was funded by Johnsons & Johnson MedTech ® in collaboration with 3PH Innovation Lab.
