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Authors
Kirstein, Bettina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6881-871X
Benedikt, Martin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0480-2521
Eitel, Charlotte https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8733-6791
Wenzel, Jan-Per https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6302-8671
Hatahet, Sascha https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3061-2249
Özalp, Tugba Aktemur https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5578-432X
Heeger, Christian-Hendrik https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9014-8097
Tilz, Roland Richard https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0122-7130
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein - Campus Lübeck
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Article History
Received: 25 January 2026
Accepted: 5 April 2026
First Online: 18 April 2026
Declarations
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: Competing interests statement: BK reports travel and congress support from EHRA, DGK, and Pfizer related to this work, and speaker honoraria from Biotronik, Impulse Dynamics, C.T.I. GmbH, and Doctrina Med outside the submitted work.MB declares no competing interests.CHH reports travel and research grants from Boston Scientific, LifeTech, Biosense Webster, and Haemonetics, and speaker honoraria from Boston Scientific, Biosense Webster, Pfizer, Haemonetics, BMS, C.T.I. GmbH, Doctrina Med, and EHRA.RRT reports speaker honoraria from Pfizer, Abbott, Biosense Webster, Boston Scientific, Doctrina Med, cme4u, Medtronic, Radcliffe, and Wikonect; consulting/advisory roles for Boston Scientific, Biosense Webster, Capvision, Guidepoint, Haemonetics, Medtronic, Philips, and Abbott; institutional research support from Biotronik, Abbott, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, Lifetech, and J&J; and travel support from Biosense Webster, Abbott, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, and Philips.CE reports research and travel grants and speaker honoraria from Abbott, Boston Scientific, Lifetech, Biosense Webster, Cardiofocus, C.T.I. GmbH, and Doctrina Med.SH reports travel and educational grants from Abbott and J&J.JPW reports funding from the German Foundation of Heart Research (F/29/19), speaker honoraria from Abbott and Doctrina Med, and travel support from Boston Scientific, all outside the submitted work.TAÖ reports congress grants from EHRA outside the submitted work.The authors declare that these interests did not influence the design, conduct, analysis, or reporting of this study.Funding: None.
: To ensure clear and uniform usage of proper English language ChatGPT has been used. Parts of the graphical abstract were generated using SciDraw. The output has been reviewed and edited as needed. The authors take full responsibility for the content of the publication.
: Read & discuss about #vHPSD #90W4s for #CTI ablation.
