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Authors
Sangosanya, Taofeek Adeyemi https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7459-1327
Salleh, Sri Sarah Maznah Mohd
Saraih, Ummi Naiemah
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Malaysia Perlis
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Article History
Accepted: 25 August 2025
First Online: 23 September 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical considerations were central to this research. All participants received detailed information about the study’s purpose and procedures, and their participation was entirely voluntary. Data was anonymised and stored securely, complying with data protection regulations.
: The declare no competing interests.
