Zhang, Xin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4236-7436
Huang, Ruyi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0586-1195
Liu, Jie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0750-1030
Qiao, Zijian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3667-9134
Lu, Yanglong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6911-651X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Innovation and Technology Commission (ITS/080/23)
HKUST-Bright Dream Robotics Joint Research Institute (OKT24EG05)
Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province (G037)
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Article History
Received: 13 October 2025
Accepted: 19 January 2026
First Online: 14 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.