Yusmadi, Nurul Aisya Nadhirah
Azis, Rabaah Syahidah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6341-2588
Ismail, Ismayadi
Katibi, Kamil Kayode
Alhaji, Bello Murtala
Elmahaishi, Madiha Fathi
Sani, Yusuf
Hongxu, Chen
Mahmood, Mohd Khairil Adzhar
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Putra Malaysia (FRGS/1/2023/STG07/UPM/02/8)
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Article History
Received: 26 May 2025
Accepted: 25 August 2025
First Online: 7 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the research reported in this manuscript.