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Authors
Rohaizar, Muhd Hatim
Sepeai, Suhaila https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0615-8231
Rais, Ahmad Rujhan Mohd
Ibrahim, Mohd Adib
Ludin, Norasikin Ahmad
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Inovasi (RS-2021-003)
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Article History
Received: 17 July 2025
Accepted: 25 October 2025
First Online: 7 November 2025
Declarations
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: All the authors have made substantial contribution regarding all data analysis also drafting and revising the manuscript. We confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors and that there are no other persons who satisfied the criteria for authorship but are not listed. We further confirm that the order of authors listed in the manuscript has been approved by all of us. This research paper has not been previously published and is not currently under consideration by another journal. All authors have played their roles to produce this research paper. Thus, all authors have approved and agreed to submit this final paper to this journal.
: No applicable.
