Qiu, Lijin
Liu, Jiahao
Zhang, Jinghui
Wang, Fengyi
Tian, Feng
Chen, Hongtao https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0024-2539
Funding for this research was provided by:
Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials of Harbin Institute of Technology
Article History
Received: 8 July 2025
Accepted: 30 November 2025
First Online: 22 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.