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Authors
Muniandy, Subathra https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3478-9045
Idris, Muhammad Idzdihar Bin
Napiah, Zul Atfyi Fauzan Bin Mohammed
Baharudin, Zarina
Rashid, Marzaini
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (Kesidang Schloarship)
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Article History
Received: 19 August 2025
Accepted: 7 December 2025
First Online: 9 January 2026
Declarations
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: All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in this study. The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in the main manuscript.
: This manuscript does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
