Ismail, Ismayadi
Azis, Rabaah Syahidah
Badrizazli, Puteri Noorzulaikha Mohd
Mahmood, Mohd Khairil Adzhar
Funding for this research was provided by:
MRUN Research Officer Grant Scheme (MROGS/2023/UPM-25)
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Article History
Received: 6 November 2025
Accepted: 2 February 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.