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Authors
Mohammed, Safar Saeed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2794-8024
Hamid, Dlshad Aziz https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4935-4419
Qader, Ibrahim Nazem https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1167-3799
Aziz, Shujahadeen Bakr https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4916-5394
Salih, Ibrahim Luqman https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5152-6713
Mahmood, Peshawa H. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-6574
Ibrahim, Pshdar Ahmed https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1996-6732
Muhammed, Abubakr Wsu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8211-8285
Babakr, Karukh Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5296-2549
Rasul, Hazhar Hamad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-4873
Ali, Bala Talib https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9634-9938
Aspoukeh, Peyman https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3096-6458
Khojasteh, Hossein https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7483-3396
Hamad, Samir Mustafa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5100-5520
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Article History
Received: 16 November 2025
Accepted: 17 April 2026
First Online: 27 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study aligns with the National Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by addressing key scientific challenges. Specifically, the research contributes to SDG 7 : Affordable and Clean Energy.
