Hall, Marissa G.
Marteau, Theresa M.
Sunstein, Cass R.
Ribisl, Kurt M.
Noar, Seth M.
Orlan, Elizabeth N.
Brewer, Noel T.
Funding for this research was provided by:
The National Cancer Institute and FDA Center for Tobacco Products (P30CA016086-38S2)
National Cancer Institute (F31CA196037, T32-CA057726)
Article History
Received: 19 September 2017
Accepted: 6 January 2018
First Online: 6 February 2018
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: Kurt M. Ribisl and Noel T. Brewer have served as paid expert consultants in litigation against the tobacco industry. Cass R. Sunstein helped oversee federal regulation in the US government between 2009 and 2012, and he worked on the topic of graphic health warnings. Marissa G. Hall, Theresa Marteau, Seth M. Noar and Elizabeth N. Orlan declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.