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Authors
Dousti Mousavi, Niloufar https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5619-7225
Yang, Jie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9034-4223
Mermelstein, Robin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8690-1074
Hedeker, Donald https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8134-6094
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute (T32-DA043469)
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Article History
Received: 21 December 2024
Accepted: 27 September 2025
First Online: 1 December 2025
Declarations
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: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
: The data analyzed in this study were obtained from previously conducted research studies (Dierker et al., ; Hedeker et al., ) and where ethical approvals were secured, and informed consent was obtained from participants at the time of data collection. No additional data were collected for this analysis.
: This study relies on de-identified data from previously published studies; therefore, additional informed consent was not required.
