Yang, Jinxiang
Li, Guofang
Zhang, Jiayan
wang, Jiao
Yang, Yijun
Guo, Qiuyang
Yan, Kexin
Hu, Haoyang
Xue, Jiayi
Ma, Yiming
Liang, Jianying
Yao, ZhiRong
Zhang, Hui
Li, Chunxiao
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
National Natural Science Foundation (82230106)
Shanghai Sailing Program (19YF1432400)
Hospital Funded Clinical Research, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (24XHCR09C)
Article History
Received: 1 September 2025
Accepted: 12 December 2025
First Online: 7 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: The IPEX patient and his parents in this manuscript have given written informed consent to publication of their case details and patient photographs in Fig. 1A. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and skin tissue samples were obtained from the de-identified sample biobank approved by Xinhua Hospital (Approval No. XHEC-H02025-002-1).