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Authors
Jabbar, Zaid H.
Graimed, Bassim H.
Merdas, Huda S.
Ammar, Saad H.
Shahad, Raad Farhan
Hussein, Thulfiqar S.
Majdi, Ali
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Article History
Received: 30 July 2025
Accepted: 10 October 2025
First Online: 28 October 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); the author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law”.
