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Article History

Received: 21 September 2019

Accepted: 26 December 2019

First Online: 8 January 2020

Compliance with ethical standards

:

: KS, HH, KH, NK, and SW are employees of Nihon Kohden Corporation and Nihon Kohden Innovation Center, INC. There are no products in market to declare. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the journal’s policies on sharing data and materials. LSJ, TL, and JMF have no competing interests of this work. KS and LBB have a patent right of metabolic measurements in critically ill patients. KS has a Grant/research support from Nihon Kohden Corp.. JWL is an employee of ZOLL Medical and owns intellectual property in resuscitation devices. There are no products in market to declare. LBB has a Grant/research support from Philips Healthcare, the NIH, Nihon Kohden Corp., Zoll Medical Corp, PCORI, BrainCool, and United Therapeutics and owes patents including 7 issued patents and several pending patents involving the use of medical slurries as human coolant devices to create slurries, reperfusion cocktails, and measurement of respiratory quotient.

: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of University of Pennsylvania (no. 823336) and Northwell Health (no. 17-0805).

: Informed consent for participation was obtained from all patients prior to the completion of any study procedures.