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Authors
Ryu, Gayeon
Choi, Jae Moon
Choi, Byung-Moon
Shin, Hangsik
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center (2024IP0021)
Ministry of Science and ICT, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, the Ministry of Health & Welfare, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (RS-2022-00141473)
Ministry of Health & Welfare (HR20C0026)
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Article History
Received: 16 April 2026
Accepted: 17 September 2026
First Online: 5 October 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Consent to participate: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the primary prospective observational study.
Consent to publish: Not applicable.
Ethics approval: The study complied with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Institutional Review Board of Asan Medical Center (Seoul, Republic of Korea; IRB No. 2021–0100; approval date: January 22, 2021). The study was prospectively registered in the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS; , identifier KCT0005840; registration date: January 28, 2021; principal investigator: Byung-Moon Choi) before participant enrollment.
