Funding for this research was provided by:
Philosophy and Social Sciences Research of Higher Learning Institutions of Shanxi (2024W087)
TAIYUAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INITIAL FUNDING (W20242014)
Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (G2023210006)
Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province (202103021223302)
Teaching Reform and Innovation Research Program of Taiyuan University of Science and Technology (JGB2024051)
Article History
Received: 24 February 2024
Accepted: 4 September 2025
First Online: 25 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.