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Authors
Williams, Amy M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9643-3684
Bullock, Anastasia
LaGrotte, Caitlin A.
Jesse, Michelle T.
Dowd, Sheila M.
Yozwiak, John A.
Robiner, William N.
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Article History
Accepted: 8 May 2025
First Online: 18 July 2025
Declarations
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: Dr. Sheila M. Dowd is a consultant for the Wellness Network. Drs. Amy M. Williams, Anastasia Bullock, Caitlin A. LaGrotte, Michelle T. Jesse, John A. Yozwiak, and William N. Robiner declare they have no conflicts of interest nor competing interests relevant to the content of this article.
: This was a retrospective study of APAHC membership survey data. The Beaumont Health System Ethics Committee reviewed this study and ruled that no ethical approval was required (i.e., Exempt, review category 4 (#049206)).
: All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.
: Not applicable.
