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Different Psychological Harms of Physical and Emotional Abuse and Neglect in China: A sex- and age-specific Comparison

Published Online: 2025-11-10

Authors

Zhang, Liying

Liu, Mingxiao

Liu, Aiyi

Wu, Xinchun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2756-0548
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

The National Social Science Foundation of China (23VRC014)

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (32071085)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-11-10

Version of Record valid from 2025-11-10
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Article History

Received: 21 May 2025

Accepted: 23 October 2025

First Online: 10 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The questionnaire and methodology for this study were approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Beijing Normal University (Ethics approval number for adolescents and middle-aged people: 202203280044; Ethics approval number for emerging adults: 202003190026).

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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