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Authors
Kim, June-Yung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1234-8832
Kim, Jinwon
Choi, Hailey Hyunjin
Kobulsky, Julia M.
Lee, Eui Bhin
Hsieh, Yi-Ping
Holmes, Megan R.
Lee, Jeoung Min
Wei, Wenxing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P20GM139759)
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Article History
Received: 21 March 2025
Accepted: 29 December 2025
First Online: 2 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by University of North Dakota Institutional Review Board. This study is a secondary data analysis utilizing data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS), which did not require new informed consent from participants. The authors assert that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national and institutional committees on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008.
: The authors declare none.
