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Article History

Received: 11 December 2021

Revised: 18 February 2022

Accepted: 19 February 2022

First Online: 15 March 2022

Conflict of Interest

: The second author’s university currently receives funding from <i>Norsk Tipping</i> (the gambling operator owned by the Norwegian Government). The second author has received funding for a number of research projects in the area of gambling education for young people, social responsibility in gambling and gambling treatment from Gamble Aware (formerly the Responsibility in Gambling Trust), a charitable body which funds its research program based on donations from the gambling industry. Both authors undertake consultancy for various gaming companies in the area of social responsibility in gambling.

: Ethical approval was provided by the ethics committee of Nottingham Trent University.

: Not applicable. Secondary data analysis.