Aresi, Giovanni https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5974-4106
Arienti, Chiara https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8067-1988
Marta, Elena https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2119-5148
Celata, Corrado https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1391-5667
Gelmi, Giusi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9746-1417
,
Leoni, Olivia
Crottogini, Lucia
Lobascio, Claudia
Pirrone, Lucia
Cereda, Danilo
Volta, Luciana
Chinelli, Simona
Rocca, Giuliana
Perego, Ornella
Ghidini, Paola
Impagliazzo, Lisa A.
Bonacina, Alida
Bellesi, Maria Stefania
Vicari, Lorella
Rubagotti, Laura
Fontana, Ilenia
Di Cosimo, Federica
Molteni, Jonathan
Ferrari, Elisabetta
Ghislanzoni, Marina
Cremonesi, Antonio
Ferrari, Antonella
Manna, Roberto
Stampini, Laura
Sacchi, Angela
Fumarola, Annarita
Casalini, Linda
Colombo, Maristella
Funding for this research was provided by:
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
Article History
Received: 30 September 2025
Accepted: 20 January 2026
First Online: 4 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethics Board of the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Superior Health Institute), protocol AOO-ISS 0040602, on November 22, 2021.
: Consent was obtained from educational institutions and informed consent was collected from adolescents and their families, in accordance with the HBSC protocol's international guidelines.
: The authors declare that they have no potential conflict of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.