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Authors
Tan, Yuxuan
Xie, Julan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72172160)
Hunan Provincial Education Department Foundation for Excellent Youth Scholars (24B0265)
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2025JJ50471)
Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (2025RC3037)
Hunan Provincial Social Science Achievement Appraisal Committee Project (XSP25YBZ206)
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Article History
Received: 5 December 2024
Accepted: 9 November 2025
First Online: 25 November 2025
Declarations
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: We declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding this research.
: Our research was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards. We obtained all necessary approvals and permissions to conduct the study, ensuring the privacy, confidentiality, and rights of the participants involved.
: We obtained informed consent from all participants involved in the study. They were fully informed about the research objectives, procedures, potential risks, and benefits, and provided their voluntary consent to participate.
