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Article History

Received: 23 August 2025

Accepted: 18 January 2026

First Online: 5 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

: Formal ethical approval was obtained from the research supervisory committee in the Department of Agricultural Economics, Agribusiness and Extension under the Faculty of Agriculture in Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana. The research adhered to the principles of standard ethics.

: We obtained oral consent from all participants. Respondents were encouraged to participate in the survey voluntarily. Prior to filling out the questionnaire, participation was entirely free from any pressure. Respondents received a clear overview of the study’s goals, the nature of the data being gathered, and were assured of their anonymity and confidentiality. This level of transparency empowered them to make informed choices regarding their participation and ensured they fully understood the study’s objectives and their roles. Respondents were given ample time to complete the questionnaire, facilitating thoughtful and precise answers. Before the data collection commenced, they were reassured that all information shared during the interviews would be held in strict confidence.