Document is current

Article History

Received: 13 August 2025

Accepted: 14 March 2026

First Online: 30 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.

: The study used secondary data collected by the Prime Minister’s Office with the Federal Statistical Authority and stored at Emirates Center for Happiness Research at UAEU. The survey received necessary ethical approval from the Federal Statistical and Competitiveness Authority (Dubai).

: participants signed the consent form before answering survey

: Not applicable.as we used secondary data

: No AI was used in the preparation of this paper.

: Plagiarism detection undertaken via iThenticate software at the UAE University Library.